Art of making paper bags.



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFI E.

DANIEL APPEL, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE UNION PAPER BAG MACHINE COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

c ART OF MAKING PAPER BAGS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 708,001, dated. September 2, 1902. Application filed December 26, 1901. Serial No. 87,172. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DANIEL APPEL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, Ouyahoga county, Ohio, (whose postoffice address is No. 62 Holyoke Place, Cleveland, Ohio,) have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Art of Making, Paper Bags, (Case 1,) of which the followingis a specification.

- Thisinvention,pertainingtoimprovements in the art of making paper bags, will be readily understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a perspective view of a plicated paper tube in various stages of progress as it is being formed into a plicated paperbag in accordance with the present invention, this view, however, not being entirely complete, owing to thelimitations imposed by the length of the sheet on which the drawing is made; Fig. 2, a perspective View intended to be viewed as a prolongation of Fig. 1 at its righthand end; Fig. 3, a perspective view of the completed bag in marketable condition; Fig. 4, a perspective view of the bag opened out for use, and Fig. 5 a perspective view illustrating some of the steps comprehended in Fig. 1 and intended for purposes of special demonstration.

.In the drawings, 1 indicates an ordinary plicated paper tube-that is to say, a flat tube with bellows folds at its sides, the sides of the tube, therefore, comprehending four plies viz., the upper and lower face plies and the twoinne'r plies; 2, transverse cuts in the oppo: site edges of the tube and extending through all of the plies, these cuts extending inwardly a distance less than that of the inward projection of the inner plies, and 3 longitudinal cuts extending rearwardly from the inner extremities of cuts 2, these longitudinal cuts being through the upper and lower face-plies only.

. 4 indicates a station-point in the tube a distance in advance of the cuts which have been considered equal to the length of a bag-section. At this point we have the tube opened out to the full extent. It will be observed that the tube is transversely severed at its the face-plies and that the tube-sections to the front and rear of the transverse cuts are still united by tailpieces at the face-plies and at the inner plies, which latter plies have now become the side members of the rectangular tube. 5 indicates a station-point in the tube, a

bag-section'length in advance of station-point 4. A stripeof paste 7 has been applied across the upper face-ply and down across the two sides "ofthe tube, there being none at the lower face-ply. The forward margin of this stripe of paste is about coincident with the transverse cuts in the tube. At 6 it will be observed that the transverse cuts in the side plies of the tube have been extended and joined, thus completely severing the sides of the tube and leaving the two sections united only by the tails 8 of the upper and lower face-plies. At this station-point 5 there are seen dotted lines indicating the lines of folds which it is now possible to produce.

9 indicates a station-point a bag-section length in advance of point 5. Here, it will be observed, tails 8 of the upper and lower faceplies unite the two sections; but the advanced portions of the side plies to the rear of the transverse cuts have been folded inwardly, as at 10, their inner extremities nearly meeting and forming an almost complete transverse partition in the tube..

11 indicates a station-point a bag-length section in advance of point 9. At this point the previously-open tube has been somewhat flattened down, the transverse partition heretofore referred to folding backwardly and inwardly, as indicated at 12.

13 indicates a station-point a bag-section length in advance of point 11. At this point the tube has been still further flattened, but not sufficiently to cause the approached faces of the collapsed transverse partition to make 5 14 indicates a station-point a bag-section length in advance of point 13. Here the section in advance, still remaining collapsed, is retreated somewhat relative to the section to the rear of it, the result being that the previously-collapsed bottom members begin to flex upwardly and downwardly, respectively, folds taking place on lines 15 and 16, the previously-collapsed transverse partition beginning to straighten up toward the condition indicated at point 9 in the program. At all of the stations thus far considered the front and rear bag-sections have been united by the tails 8 of the face-plies, and, prior to station 5, also by tails at the side plies. At station 1 1 all has been done that can be done before the tails 8 are severed. These tails are now to be severed, the lower one preferably in a line somewhat in advance of the upper one, and the bag-section ahead of the severing is to be removed. It may be here stated that this removed bag-section will be acompleted bag, as later explained. Having severed the tails 8 at station 14 and removed the advance bag-section, the transverse partition may now be straightened, and the upper one of tails 8 may be pressed flat against the partition and become pasted to it, after which the lower tail may be folded against the upper one and pasted to it, leaving the bag-bottom about in the condition indicated at station 17. The completed bottom work may then be turned flatly into the plane of the flattened tube, leaving the bottom work in the condition indicated at 18. The bag when thus completed and severed from the tube is in condition for the market, and when opened up for use appears as at 19.

A clearer idea of the bottom formation of the bag may perhapsbe gotten from Fig. 5, which is a demonstrative drawing showing a tube-section which has been provided with the transverse and longitudinal cuts 2 and 3 and which has then been expanded to full size and provided with paste and from which the preceding bag-section has been completely severed and removed. It will be apparent that the side flaps 10 may now be turned inwardly to form the transverse partition which will eventually become the sublayer of the bag-bottom. The upper one of tails 8 may then be folded down and become pasted against the partition, after which the lower one of tails 8 may be folded upward and pasted against the other tail, thus completing the bag-bottom. If now the tube be collapsed at all points rearward of line 15, then there would be produced the condition indicated at station 17, and if the bottom be then folded down there would be produced the condition indicated at 18, assuming the completed bag to be severed from the section following. In considering Fig. 5 it has been assumed that the preceding section was completely severed before anything was done with the bottom folds of the section under consideration. In

the program illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 the connecting-tails 8 are retained until their severance is actually necessary, thus permitting a preceding section to be of service in connection with the operation of forming the bottom folds of the section following.

In carrying out the improved process the tube is to be advanced endwise and this advance may be continuous, each point of juncture between intended bag-sections being thus brought in succession to and past the different station-points at which the successive operations are performed. Let us, therefore, assume an untouched plicated tube extending from station-point 17 rearward an indefinite distance beyond the first station, being the one preceding station 4. At this first station the transverse cuts 2 are made. The tube is then shifted to the right, and at the points where these transverse cuts were made it begins to expand, being completely expanded when it reaches station 4. When or at any time before this point reaches station 4:, the longitudinal cuts are made and the vertical side cuts are to be completed, and when the point in question reaches station 4 then transverse cuts 2 may be made at a point to the rear of the bag-section in question to serve in connection with the bottom of the bag which is to follow. The advance of the tube will now carry the juncture in question to station 5, at which station the paste may be applied and the side members 10 of the bottom turned in. At the same time the previouslydescribed operations may be performed at stations 4 and the initial station. The operations indicated at station 9 having been performed at station 5, it may be assumed that the next station reached by the juncture in question is station 11, at which station the bottom and the bottom end of the tube has partially collapsed. The advancing juncture in question then reaches station 13, where the collapse of the parts is about complete. The advancing juncture then reaches station let, whereupon the section ahead of the juncture is retarded or retreated, thus opening up the collapsed bottom, while the tube to the rear of the bottom folds remains collapsed. At this station 14: the tails 8 may be severed and the tube portion ahead removed, after which the bottom may be straightened up and the tails folded and pasted home and pressed flat, as seen at 18. This completes the bottom of the bag, and it may now be severed from the section to the rear. As each juncture has had the proper operation performed on it as it passed the several stations, it follows that when the severance of tails 8 takes place there results a completed bag and also a bag-bottom ready for the completing operation, and it will be apparent that until the severance takes place the advancing portion of the tube may be employed in drawing forward upon the tube and producing the advance. It will be apparent that the operations are exceedingly simple and practically continuous and that the resulting structure is a bag with a substantial and well-sealed bottom.

I claim as my invention-- That improvement in the art of producing paper bags from a flattened plicated paper tube which consists in cross-cutting through all of the plies of the flattened plicated tube upon the opposite edges of the tube and inward to a distance less than the inward projection of the side folds of the tube, longitudinally cutting the face-plies only of the tube at right angles rearwardly from the extremities of the cross-cuts in those plies, expanding the tube to rectangular form, completing the severance at the sides of the tube,

applying paste where adhesion of-folds is to occur, turning the advancing portion of the against the preViously-inturned side plies,

folding the second face-ply against the first one to complete the forming and sealing-of the bag-bottom, and folding and pressing the completed bottom against the collapsedbody part of the bag.

DANIEL APPEL.

Witnesses:

HARRY E. ORR, D. H. TILDEN. 

